Milking machine



March 1927' R. c. PESSELL 1411mm momma Fild Jul y 17. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVE'IVT'O/i ROBERT C. anza.

M r h 15 1927;

a c R. c. PESSELL MILKING MACHINE Filed July 17, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 15, 1927. v v

g a; :unir sn Sit? ROBERT CH'ABLEs rnssnLL,"ortiantrnynnonann. I

' MILKrnG MACHINE.

, .Applicationsfilediil'nlyifi; 1926,.Seria1 No.1 123,144,..21116. in. GreatLFBri-tain2Apri1Q25,11925.

; This invention :relates more; particularly fioithat part-bi; milking machines commonly known as, teat/cupsaand-into which the; teats Qirthe animal :are insert-ed as a necessary pneluelettorniilking EQPQI'iLlJlOIlS. I It is, almost 7 universallythe practice :with {milking machines to --e-ii;ect dhhe milking operation by creating; .a vacuum in; tubing leading from a i milk receptacle to the teat icups,.- the req uisiteirnassagrng action beingwobtained by i theiintermittent balancing or .neutra-lizingof thetinfluence of the vacuum inside a rubber ofthe teat-cup,consequently the rubber dining) is intermittently pressed against the-,animalsiteat. lu -order to obtain; an

, efficient action of .theinubb'er lining itfis necessaryto have i-tfvery responsive to the changes; in pressure; so that it contracts and ClgGrCOIltIQOlSSWllZhl regularity (if-sequence and as-nearly as possible, approaching the proper 7 degree of ',,pressure during contraction. In order to achieve gthis state i of. at? airs some manufacturers when assembling the .teat cups iapply an iappreciable ,permanent tens-ienrto the rubber Ilining so Etlltlt it is ,quite' resilient-Hand taug t-of enable it; to grip upon the animals teat and .tOnrBSPQILCl; to the". 1nter-;

mittent ,balancing or. rneutralizing -of the vacuum inside the limng. The .disadvana tages of this form of team-cup after ashort period-of usage soon become. apparent; particularly tor -.two reasons 1) the .teat cup isi-not, adaptable .for different sizessof teats,- and (2) {the rubber vliningiowingi to always being iunder tension begins to" lose its resilg ieney with the-resultxthat ,animals are not preperly milked .which very ;otten contributes\to,w,ards or' is .wholl'y accountableior the falling oii' .of .the milk capacity or delivcry-sot. individual animals. I

it lSr considered a desideratum to i provide a form ,.of-teat. cup qwhich' obviates these 'd.is

advantages in order. to. obtainthe maximum benefit of mechanical milking plants. and counteract the. heretofore quiterjnsti-fied pre udiceof farmers against mechanical mill:-

ers. "This and other I .desiderata I achieve by .tl1e,present.invention ,which .isbroaidly characterized in that the tension ofthetlin'-' ing ofiaiteatrcupj isrreadily adjustable without the. necessity of disassembling the parts constituting the teat cup, by securing the ends'of theliner in a pair of members which accommodate the liner, the said pair of members being capable of being moved in J In ,view of these and ether: disadvantages directions away from each other {so as 'gliO place upon the liner ahigh-tension, thetwo members. being :apable of). :.;bei-ng Zlocked 1 in this position, and readily unlockedgto-allow the stretcheddiner -to reassert itself to jit's normal state.

le-am awarethat it has-beenfproposed' -to i apply .tension to a rubber :ili-ner in ya "teat cup by passingthrol gh the-base or": i the; liner a threaded tubular member .having a flange engaging the base of the liner, agnut being threiadedon to the said tubular mei-nber,

soithat by rotating thenut against the base of the casing accommodating the liner, the liner ispulled taut. Such-an arrangement however does not 'allow av ery high-tension to be applied "to the ,liner, and further is not a guick meansof releasingthe tension.

In carrying the invention into practice the liner is preferably readilydetaohable without the necessity of skilled'attention, soithat a farm hand can easily examine ,or Prep-lace] a liner. It is preferred to provide .ag'li-ner in the form ofa rubber cylinder with Ffl-anged or 'fiared ends which are held against the outer ends of a pair of telescopic sleeves,

milled annular nuts orf other suitable means being threaded on @'to ,the sleeves j for holding: the flanged or rflared 1 ends off the J liner gin posit-ion. One ,ofthesai'dsleevesicarriesv one or morei;-abut1nents adapted to,' engage in slots cut into the oth'ersleeve so; that thetwo sleeves by a slight turning action. can be looked under thetensionof the rubber-linerin selected relationship; .Other suitable locking means may equally well be provided,

for instance the outersleeve may :carry a small spr ng plunger adapted. to engage 1n one i of a I number of 1 recesses or apertures a. in

the inner. sleeve, a gsmall knob or handle being provided for lretractingthe plunger when itis desired. to alter the relative; positionsofthe two sleeves. i p In order that .my. invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into-effect I have appended hereto two" sheetsof; drawn "\vlierein, @Fig; ,1 is an -,ontside elevational view,

in s illustrating an embodiment of same and;

partly :in section ofasuitable ,form of teat cup embodying the principle of z-niy invert. tion, andshowing the rubber liner stretched.

Fig. 2 ,is an elevation View showing the rubber liner relaxed, andv Fig. 8 is a sectional elevatioiil of Fig. 2. Referring to the drawings the embodithe other (a);

ment of teat cup shown comprises a pair of cylindrical sleeves a and b, one of which (1)) has a nice sliding or telescopic fit in The upper end of the sleeve Z) is formed with a flange threaded to receive a milled ring d having an annular overhang d, the sleeve on having a flangedv flanged or flared ends j' one of which is interposed between the flanged end 6 of the sleeve (0 and the fitting whilst the other is interposed between the flanged end a of the sleeve Z) and the ring nut 05.. Suitable washers k are preferably provided for interposition between the ring 0? and the flange 0, also between the fitting f and the flange e. These washers k are preferably provided each with a narrow'annular projection 70 to provide a good bite on to the rubber liner to prevent it slipping. The flanges 0 and e have corresponding grooves to receive the parts of the flanges of the liner depressed by the projections 70. Alternatively a number of serrations, pointed projections, radial teeth or like equivalent gripping means may be provided on the Washers 76 or alternatively or in addition on the flanges 0 and e, the flared or flanged ends j also or alternatively having theserrations, etc. In the drawings the two sleeves a and Z) are shown in the position in which the liner 2' is relaxed, i. e. with littleor no tension applied to it. When the teat cup is in use the liner 2' is under tension and this is effected by pulling the sleeves a and b in directions away from each other until the requisite tension on the liner 6 is obtained, the two sleeves are then locked in the extended position. This locking of the two sleeves may be eflected in a number of ways, a suitable and quite reliable method being that shown in the drawings in which a multiple point bayonet joint form of locking device is employed, the lateral abutment l being carried by the sleeve 7) and working in a linear slot m, in the sleeve 4, the slot m having a number of lateral abutment receiving slots m to receive the abutment Z. In the drawings a pair of abutments Z are shownbut this is obviously not essential although it increases the strength of the lock. The resiliency of the liner '5 will permit of the necessary small degree of axial turnlng movement for engaging the abutments Z in, or disengaging them from theslots m.

The suction or vacuum for drawing the milk from the liner 7; to the milk receptacle is applied to the interior of the liner 2' by means of a flexible pipe leading to the milk receptacle and connected to a nipple n 1 comprising integral or detachable part of the fitting f. I has the result of contracting with an appreciable pressure the liner 2' so that it presses upon the animals teat. To obtain the necessary intermittency of this pressure the constant vacuum insidethe liner z is intermittently balanced by an equal degree of vacuum which is applied intermittently This vacuum or suction via the passage 0 to the annular space 12 surrounding the liner 2'. This intermittent vacuum which is applied to the space 22 can be obtained by any suitable valve me'chanismwhich alternately places-the passage 0 in communication with a source of suction and the atmosphere. In practice it is preferred to have one valve common to one or two complete Sets of teat cups but if necessary a valve could be provided with the passage-0, of each teat cup, by employing a suitable Bowden control for each valve,

the control being operated'from any suita-' prising a casing composed of a pair of telescopically connected sleeves, means for securing said sleeves 1n dlfl'erent telescopically adjusted positions with respect to one another, a clamp nut threaded on the outer end of each of said sleeves, and an elastic liner within said casing detachably con nected at its ends with the outer ends of said sleeves, respectively, by saidclamp nuts.

2. In milking apparatus, a teat cup comprising a casing composed of a pair of telescopically connected sleeves, a nut threaded on the outer end of each sleeve, an elastic liner within said casing and outwardly extending flanges at the ends of said liner clamped by said nuts to the outer ends of said sleeves, respectively.

v In Witness hereof I have signed this specification.

' R. C. PESSELL. 

